Assistant Professor of Economics, M.E.S. Mampad College (Autonomous), Malappuram Dist., Kerala, India
The Tiebout hypothesis also called Tiebout model or Tiebout sorting or Tiebout migration is a political theory model developed and first described by Charles Tiebout of North-western University in his article published in the ‘The Journal of Political...
Indian democracy is facing number of serious challenges. Although corruption, nepotism, tyranny and state terrorism are the top four among them, the issue of scraping the identity and essence of democracy is family mastery. It is the phenomenon of domination...
Governments may be unitary or federal. Unitary government is one which full power is concentrated. Federal government is one which power is distributed to different levels of government. Unitary government is prevalent in UK, France, Germany, Austria...
Even though fiscal federalism and fiscal decentralization are used in same meaning in some respects, both are more or less different in some respects. Fiscal federalism is a broad concept which is not only applicable to officially declared federations...
Fund transfer from national government to sub-national governments can be classified into two: conditional and unconditional. Conditional transfer of fund: Fund is transferred to lower level governments with certain set of spending instructions by the...
First phase 1861-1919: There was a system of provincial administration during British rule in India. Relation between British administration or central province and provinces was the example for the federal system of administration before independence....
Capital base of banks are strengthened by recapitalization and public equity issues. Government through budget allocation, recapitalizes the bank’s total capital. Recapitalization of bank is the process of raising capital through government allocation...
National governments have to follow certain principles for allocating fund and functions among governments among various levels. 1) Fiscal autonomy: Each government in a federation should be free to raise revenue and spend them. Autonomy should be given...
Although Kerala has made remarkable outcomes in its ‘social variables’ such as health and education at economic rate, the concerns on its permanence are strong. Some economists have expressed ambiguity on the standing of the so called Model even though...
Glad to know that India's rank surged by 30 positions on World Bank's 'Ease of Doing Business'. But still have to deeply worry about the following 'easiness of business indicators' on which we lie at the bottom.Starting a business (rank: 156)Construction...
1) Saving Banks Saving banks are established to create saving habit among the people. These banks are helpful for salaried people and low income groups. The deposits collected from customers are invested in bonds, securities, etc. At present most of the...
Governments at the centre since independence focused on providing easy access to finance and poverty alleviation. The branch expansion programmes were started in the country since the nationalisation of banks in 1969. Expansion of rural credit market...
